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3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. H. BRAiNERD.

Churn.

Patented April 23, 1867.

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A. H. BRAINERD.

.Churn.

. Patented April 23,1867

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A. H. BRAINERD.

Churn.

Patented April 23, 1867.

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ALEXANDER BRAINERD, ()1 HOME, NEW YOltlQ.

Letters Patent 1V0. 63,989, dated April 2-3, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN GHURNS.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Beit known that I, ALEXANDER H. BRAINERD, of Rome, county of Oneida, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Churns; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description thereof, sutiieient to enable one skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings. making a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Figure 1 is a perspective view.

Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section through one compartment on the line .1; x, fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a vertical transverse section on the line y y, fig. 1.

Figure 4: is a vertical transverse section on the line 2 z, fig. 1.

Figure 5 is a modification or amplification of the same device.

Figure 6 illustrates the mode of carrying a stream of water through the churn to modify the temperature of its contents.

This churn is designed for operating on large quantities of milk. It has several compartments whose division walls may be pierced to allow the milk to flow from one to another, and closed by plugs, when but one or more is required. The dashers, of which there may be several attached to one pitman, consist of two leaves hinged to the pitman and the side of the churn respectively.

In the drawings the churn is shown as a rectangular box, A, with compartments A, B, C, figs. 2, 3, i,v

respectively. The dashers in each are worked by means of a single revolving shaft, D, and a crank and pitman to each dasher. Tllc bearings E E of the crank-shaft are hinged either to the lidor to the sides of the churn, so that when the pins e are removed the bearings may be folded back out of the way while cleansing the churn. The vibratory motion of the churn dashers renders a slotted cover necessary, and the opening F is covered in by a cap, f, which is hollow beneath so as not to work the cream on the cover as the cap slides back and forth under the motion of the dasher-shaft. The caps are slotted so as to be removed from the dasher shaft. Atthc side of each of the chambers A, B, C, respectively, are guides, which prescribe a vertical motion to that part of the dasher immediately connected to the dasher-shaft G. These guides may consist of grooves g g, as in the chambers A B, (figs. 2 and 3,) or a projecting slat, as in chamber 0, (fig. 4.) In the former case a projecting portion of the dasher runs in the grooves, and in the second case projections on the dasher embrace the edges of the guide-slat. Fig. 6 showstwo pipes, H and I, which communicate with a pipe or chamber inside the churn, and by which the contents may be heated or cooled so as to bring them to the most favorable temperature for churning. This is proposed to be accomplished by means of the passage of a. body of water through the pipe,

either warm or cold, as the case may be. The divisions between the chambers A,B, and C may be perforated so to permit the milk to flow backand forth, as it is churned by the dasher, in the respective chambers, or, it but one or two of the compartments are supplied with milk, the means of communication between them may be closed. The dasher in chamber A, fig. 52, consists of a. frame, H, guided in its vertical sections by grooves gg, and carrying perforated horizontal pieces whose vertical dashing motion thrbugh the milk or cream performs the operation of churning, being assisted by thepassage of the milk through the perforated boards I I. In chamber B, fig. 3, the dashers J J are operated by two shafts G G, the frames K K moving vertically in guide grooves gg. To each frame K is attached the perforated leaf L, which is hinged to the perforated leaf M, the latter vibrating on an axis, N, which is supported in grooves Oin the partition walls of the churn, the axis being held down in the bottom of the grooves by the pins I. In chamber C,-fig. 4, but one dasher, G, is used, and this is connected to the frame K by a hinging axis 3 the frame is guided in its vertical motions by guide-slats y. To the frame K are hinged the perforated leaves L L, which are hinged to the leaves M, whose axes of vibration are'in thc' g rooves'O, as described in referring to the construction of the dasher in chamber I In fig. 5 is shown-duplicate arrangement of the hinged and perforated leaves L M which are connected to the frame K, which has'a vertical mot-ion in the churn passing through a hole in the lid. The leaves M M M M of the dasher are hingcdin grooves in the four sides of the churn, and are moved simultaneously bymeans of their attachment by leaves L to the central dasher frame Ii. The different parts are readily detached from each other and from the churn for the purpose of being thoroughly cleansed and airemhand the device as a whole is intended to operate on large quantities of-milk.

Having described my invention, What I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The hinged dasher or dnshers L M, connected to the gate K and to the side of the churn respectively, and operating as described.

2. I claim the arrangement of the series of compartments A B O, and the hinged da-shers, operating simultnneeusly by the three-throw crank, substantially as described.

3. I claim the hollow and slot-ted slide covering the erifiee through which the churn dasher reciproeates.

To the above specification of inyimprovement in churns I have signed my hnnd'this 7th day of February, 1867' A. H. B HAINERD.

Witnesses:

SOLON O. Kmiex, EDWARD II. Kxmu'r. 

